Selskabsskattesatser i EU-landene
De formelle selskabsskatter i de 27 EU-lande plus Norge, fremgår af tabel 1. Den effektive selskabsbeskatning afviger typisk fra de formelle satser for selskabsskatten, da også afskrivningsreglerne er afgørende for det reelle beskatningsniveau.
Den danske selskabsskat er siden 1995 blev nedsat ad flere omgange fra 34 pct. til 25 pct. fra og med 2007. Disse satsnedsættelser har bl.a. været finansieret ved at udvide selskabsskattegrundlaget. Udviklingen har været den samme i udlandet, hvor den formelle selskabsskattesats i næsten alle EU-landene er blevet sænket i de senere år.

Med nedsættelsen fra 28 pct. har Danmark nærmet sig gennemsnittet i EU27 på 23,1 pct., men ligger fortsat omkring 6 pct. point over gennemsnittet i de nye EU lande. Til gengæld ligger Danmark ca. 2 pct. point under gennemsnittet i EU15.
| Tabel 1. Udviklingen i selskabsskattesatserne i EU-landene 1995-2011 | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | |
| Belgien | 40,2 | 40,2 | 40,2 | 40,2 | 40,2 | 40,2 | 40,2 | 40,2 | 34,0 | 34,0 | 34,0 | 34,0 | 34,0 | 34,0 | 34,0 | 34,0 | 34,0 |
| Bulgarien | 40,0 | 40,0 | 40,2 | 37,0 | 34,3 | 32,5 | 28,0 | 23,5 | 23,5 | 20,0 | 15,0 | 15,0 | 10,0 | 10,0 | 10,0 | 10,0 | 10,0 |
| Cypern | 25,0 | 25,0 | 25,0 | 25,0 | 25,0 | 29,0 | 28,0 | 28,0 | 15,0 | 15,0 | 10,0 | 10,0 | 10,0 | 10,0 | 10,0 | 10,0 | 10,0 |
| Danmark | 34,0 | 34,0 | 34,0 | 34,0 | 32,0 | 32,0 | 30,0 | 30,0 | 30,0 | 30,0 | 28,0 | 28,0 | 25,0 | 25,0 | 25,0 | 25,0 | 25,0 |
| Estland | 26,0 | 26,0 | 26,0 | 26,0 | 26,0 | 26,0 | 26,0 | 26,0 | 26,0 | 26,0 | 24,0 | 23,0 | 22,0 | 21,0 | 21,0 | 21,0 | 21,0 |
| Finland | 25,0 | 28,0 | 28,0 | 28,0 | 28,0 | 29,0 | 29,0 | 29,0 | 29,0 | 29,0 | 26,0 | 26,0 | 26,0 | 26,0 | 26,0 | 26,0 | 26,0 |
| Frankrig | 36,7 | 36,7 | 41,7 | 41,7 | 40,0 | 37,8 | 36,4 | 35,4 | 35,4 | 35,4 | 35,0 | 34,4 | 34,4 | 34,4 | 34,4 | 34,4 | 34,4 |
| Grækenland | 40,0 | 40,0 | 40,0 | 40,0 | 40,0 | 40,0 | 37,5 | 35,0 | 35,0 | 35,0 | 32,0 | 29,0 | 25,0 | 25,0 | 25,0 | 24,0 | 20,0 |
| Irland | 40,0 | 38,0 | 36,0 | 32,0 | 28,0 | 24,0 | 20,0 | 16,0 | 12,5 | 12,5 | 12,5 | 12,5 | 12,5 | 12,5 | 12,5 | 12,5 | 12,5 |
| Italien | 52,2 | 53,2 | 53,2 | 41,3 | 41,3 | 41,3 | 40,3 | 40,3 | 38,3 | 37,3 | 37,3 | 37,3 | 37,3 | 31,4 | 31,4 | 31,4 | 31,4 |
| Letland | 25,0 | 25,0 | 25,0 | 25,0 | 25,0 | 25,0 | 25,0 | 22,0 | 19,0 | 15,0 | 15,0 | 15,0 | 15,0 | 15,0 | 15,0 | 15,0 | 15,0 |
| Litauen | 29,0 | 29,0 | 29,0 | 29,0 | 29,0 | 24,0 | 24,0 | 15,0 | 15,0 | 15,0 | 15,0 | 19,0 | 18,0 | 15,0 | 20,0 | 15,0 | 15,0 |
| Luxemburg | 40,9 | 40,9 | 39,3 | 37,5 | 37,5 | 37,5 | 37,5 | 30,4 | 30,4 | 30,4 | 30,4 | 29,6 | 29,6 | 29,6 | 28,6 | 28,6 | 28,8 |
| Malta | 35,0 | 35,0 | 35,0 | 35,0 | 35,0 | 35,0 | 35,0 | 35,0 | 35,0 | 35,0 | 35,0 | 35,0 | 35,0 | 35,0 | 35,0 | 35,0 | 35,0 |
| Nederlandene | 35,0 | 35,0 | 35,0 | 35,0 | 35,0 | 35,0 | 35,0 | 34,5 | 34,5 | 34,5 | 31,5 | 29,6 | 25,5 | 25,5 | 25,5 | 25,5 | 25,0 |
| Polen | 40,0 | 40,0 | 38,0 | 36,0 | 34,0 | 30,0 | 28,0 | 28,0 | 27,0 | 19,0 | 19,0 | 19,0 | 19,0 | 19,0 | 19,0 | 19,0 | 19,0 |
| Portugal | 39,6 | 39,6 | 39,6 | 37,4 | 37,4 | 35,2 | 35,2 | 33,0 | 33,0 | 27,5 | 27,5 | 27,5 | 26,5 | 26,5 | 26,5 | 29,0 | 29,0 |
| Rumænien | 38,0 | 38,0 | 38,0 | 38,0 | 38,0 | 25,0 | 25,0 | 25,0 | 25,0 | 25,0 | 16,0 | 16,0 | 16,0 | 16,0 | 16,0 | 16,0 | 16,0 |
| Slovakiet | 40,0 | 40,0 | 40,0 | 40,0 | 40,0 | 29,0 | 29,0 | 25,0 | 25,0 | 19,0 | 19,0 | 19,0 | 19,0 | 19,0 | 19,0 | 19,0 | 19,0 |
| Slovenien | 25,0 | 25,0 | 25,0 | 25,0 | 25,0 | 25,0 | 25,0 | 25,0 | 25,0 | 25,0 | 25,0 | 25,0 | 23,0 | 22,0 | 21,0 | 20,0 | 20,0 |
| Spanien | 35,0 | 35,0 | 35,0 | 35,0 | 35,0 | 35,0 | 35,0 | 35,0 | 35,0 | 35,0 | 35,0 | 35,0 | 35,0 | 30,0 | 30,0 | 30,0 | 30,0 |
| Storbritannien | 33,0 | 33,0 | 31,0 | 31,0 | 30,0 | 30,0 | 30,0 | 30,0 | 30,0 | 30,0 | 30,0 | 30,0 | 30,0 | 30,0 | 28,0 | 28,0 | 27,0 |
| Sverige | 28,0 | 28,0 | 28,0 | 28,0 | 28,0 | 28,0 | 28,0 | 28,0 | 28,0 | 28,0 | 28,0 | 28,0 | 28,0 | 28,0 | 26,3 | 26,3 | 26,3 |
| Tjekkiet | 41,0 | 39,0 | 39,0 | 35,0 | 35,0 | 31,0 | 31,0 | 31,0 | 31,0 | 28,0 | 26,0 | 24,0 | 24,0 | 21,0 | 20,0 | 19,0 | 19,0 |
| Tyskland | 56,8 | 56,7 | 56,7 | 56,0 | 51,6 | 51,6 | 38,3 | 38,3 | 39,6 | 38,3 | 38,7 | 38,7 | 38,7 | 29,8 | 29,8 | 29,8 | 29,8 |
| Ungarn | 19,6 | 19,6 | 19,6 | 19,6 | 19,6 | 19,6 | 19,6 | 19,6 | 19,6 | 17,6 | 17,5 | 17,5 | 21,3 | 21,3 | 21,3 | 20,6 | 20,6 |
| Østrig | 34,0 | 34,0 | 34,0 | 34,0 | 34,0 | 34,0 | 34,0 | 34,0 | 34,0 | 34,0 | 25,0 | 25,0 | 25,0 | 25,0 | 25,0 | 25,0 | 25,0 |
| Norge | 28,0 | 28,0 | 28,0 | 28,0 | 28,0 | 28,0 | 28,0 | 28,0 | 28,0 | 28,0 | 28,0 | 28,0 | 28,0 | 28,0 | 28,0 | 28,0 | 28,0 |
| EU27 | 35,3 | 35,3 | 35,2 | 34,1 | 33,5 | 31,9 | 30,7 | 29,3 | 28,3 | 27,1 | 25,5 | 25,3 | 24,5 | 23,6 | 23,5 | 23,2 | 23,1 |
| EU25 | 35,0 | 35,0 | 34,9 | 33,9 | 33,3 | 32,2 | 31,1 | 29,7 | 28,7 | 27,4 | 26,3 | 26,0 | 25,5 | 24,4 | 24,4 | 24,0 | 23,9 |
| EU15 | 38,0 | 38,2 | 38,1 | 36,7 | 35,9 | 35,4 | 33,8 | 32,6 | 31,9 | 31,4 | 30,1 | 29,6 | 28,7 | 27,5 | 27,2 | 27,3 | 26,9 |
| NML10 | 30,6 | 30,4 | 30,2 | 29,6 | 29,4 | 27,4 | 27,1 | 25,5 | 23,8 | 21,5 | 20,6 | 20,7 | 20,6 | 19,8 | 20,1 | 19,4 | 19,4 |
| NML12 | 32,0 | 31,8 | 31,7 | 30,9 | 30,5 | 27,6 | 27,0 | 25,3 | 23,8 | 21,6 | 19,7 | 19,8 | 19,4 | 18,7 | 18,9 | 18,3 | 18,3 |
| Eurozonen | 37,6 | 37,6 | 37,7 | 36,4 | 35,8 | 34,9 | 33,5 | 32,1 | 30,7 | 29,8 | 28,4 | 28,0 | 27,1 | 26,0 | 25,9 | 25,7 | 25,9 |
Kilde: EU-Kommissionen, "DG Taxation and Customs Union" og "Taxation trends in the European Union – 2011".
Anm.: Satserne angiver den kombinerede statslige og lokale selskabsskattesats.
I flere lande findes flere selskabsskattesatser. For disse lande er den angivne sats den højeste.
I en række af landene – det gælder især Litauen, Malta, Ungarn og Cypern gælder der for visse selskaber en mindre sats. I f.eks. Litauen betaler små selskaber med under 10 ansatte og mindre end LTL 500.000 (ca. € 144.810) i skattepligtig indkomst f.eks. fem pct. i skat. I Malta kan små og mellemstore virksomheder opnå 40 pct. skattenedsættelse, hvis de investerer i nye teknologier og skaber nye jobs. I Ungarn er det visse erhvervsgrupper under betegnelsen entreprenører, der betaler en lidt lavere skattesats. I Estland er der ingen klassisk selskabsbeskatning af overskud, men derimod beskatning af en række udgifter – det gælder f.eks. personalegoder, udbetalte udbytter, repræsentationsudgifter mv. I Litauen introduceredes i 2006 og 2007 "en social skat" på selskabsskattegrundlaget. Den sociale skat var 4 pct. i 2006 og 3 pct. i 2007.
Landegrupper:
EU27 – Er de nuværende medlemslande i EU; Alle lande i tabellen bort set fra Norge.
EU25 – Er medlemslandene indtil 1. januar 2007; EU15 + NML10.
EU15 – Er de 15 EU lande fra før EU udvidelsen i 2004; Belgien, Danmark, Finland, Frankrig, Grækenland, Nederlandene, Irland, Italien, Luxemburg, Portugal, Spanien, Storbritannien, Sverige, Tyskland og Østrig.
NML10 – er de 10 lande, der blev optaget 1. maj 2004; Cypern, Estland, Letland, Litauen, Malta, Polen, Slovakiet, Slovenien, Tjekkiet og Ungarn.
NML12 – er NML10 + Bulgarien og Rumænien.
Eurozonen – Belgien, Finland, Frankrig, Grækenland, Irland, Italien, Luxemburg, Nederlandene, Portugal, Slovenien, Spanien, Tyskland. Slovakiet, Malta, Cypern og Østrig.
Eventuel henvendelse: Kontorchef Thomas Larsen, tlf. 33 92 33 92